In 1969 after finishing the Gunib secondary school Tolboev entered Eysk High Military Pilot School and finished studies in 1973. In 1973 – 1980 he served in USSR Air Force. In 1980 –1981 Magomed took courses in Test Pilot School. In 1981 he entered Moscow State Aviation University and was graduated in 1984, later, in 1984 – 1986, he studied at Cosmonaut School named after Yuri Gagarin. Since 1981 till 1993 Tobloev was engaged as a test pilot and test cosmonaut, he took position of Deputy Commander in the special cosmonaut division BURAN.
In 1993 Magomed was elected to the State Duma of RF Federal Assembly and executed duties of Deputy Head of the Committee on Industry, Transport, Energy and Construction till 1995. In 1993 Tolboev entered the magistracy of Russian University of International Friendship (RUDN) and in 1995 he was graduated as PHD in History (Diploma No 009990 of RF Certification Committee). From 1994 till 1995 he was a member of Presidium of the Russian Congress of Businessmen and Manufacturers. In 1996 - 1998 Tolboev was a Secretary of Security Soviet of Dagestan Republic.
Magomed Tolboev is awarded with some medals and a USSR award.
He is awarded with the USSR award of Work Red Banner for implementation of the program in space exploration in 1988.
Tolboev is awarded with the Gold Star of Hero of Russia No 009 for test flights in 1992.
